Currently, the shrimp industry is facing a serious disease Microsporidiosisis called (HPM), Hepatopancreatic caused by Enterocytozoon Hepatopenaei (EHP). This is an emerging problem, which can be transmitted directly from one shrimp to another through the oral route (cannibalism, feces and water) and infects specific cells of the shrimps hepatopancreas and intestinal tract, where it disrupts the metabolic machinery of the cell to increase the spores to spread throughout the animal until the infected cell ruptures.

EHP is associated with severe growth retardation and uneven size and easily susceptible to opportunistic pathogens. It does not cause mortality. Sometimes EHP lead to the formation of WFS, where Vibrio is present.

The source of infection could be caused by live feed of broodstock (polychaetas, clams, oysters) during the maturation process in the hatchery. It is better to avoid live feed or use pasteurization (heating at 70oC for 10 minutes) to help kill major shrimp pathogens.

Preventive measures can be taken to limit sludge (where opportunistic pathogens are more prevalent) by water exchange and regular use of standard probiotics under anaerobic conditions. Top coating the feed with Immuno stimulants , Growth promoters, Organic Acids and Herbal extracts and also reducing the density through partial harvesting can be adopted.